INTRODUCTION
Green House Effect and its impact on the environment. Green House Effect is a process that occurs when the gases in the earth’s atmosphere traps the sun’s heat. This process makes Earth much warmer than it would be without an atmosphere. It makes the Earth a comfortable place to live in.
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GASES WHICH CAUSE THE GREEN HOUSE EFFECT
Green house effect and its impact on environment is vast. The contribution that a greenhouse gas makes to the greenhouse effect depends
on how much heat it absorbs, how much it re-radiates and how much of it is in
the atmosphere.
In descending order, the gases that contribute most to the Earth’s greenhouse
effect are:
water vapor (H2O) carbon dioxide (CO2) nitrous oxide(N2O) methane (CH4) ozone (O3)
In terms of the amount of heat these gases can absorb and re-radiate (known as
their global warming potential or GWP), CH4 is 23 times more effective and
N2O is 296 times more effective than CO2. However, there is much more
CO2 in the Earth’s atmosphere than there is CH4 or N2O
HOW DOES IT AFFECTS YOU?
A greenhouse stays warm inside, even during the winter. In the daytime,
sunlight shines into the greenhouse and warms the plants and air inside. At
night-time, it’s colder outside, but the greenhouse stays pretty warm inside.
That’s because the glass walls of the greenhouse trap the Sun’s heat.
The greenhouse effect works much the same way on Earth. Gases in the
atmosphere, such as carbon dioxide, trap heat similar to the glass roof of a
greenhouse. These heat-trapping gases are called greenhouse gases.
During the day, the Sun shines through the atmosphere. Earth’s surface warms
up in the sunlight. At night, Earth’s surface cools, releasing heat back into the
air. But some of the heat is trapped by the greenhouse gases in the atmosphere.
That’s what keeps our Earth a warm and cozy 58 degrees Fahrenheit (14 degrees
Celsius), on average.
WHAT REDUCES THE EFFECT?
Just like a glass greenhouse, Earth’s greenhouse is also full of plants! Plants can
help to balance the greenhouse effect on Earth. All plants — from giant trees to
tiny phytoplankton in the ocean — take in carbon dioxide and give off oxygen.
The ocean also absorbs a lot of excess carbon dioxide in the air. Unfortunately,
the increased carbon dioxide in the ocean changes the water, making it more
acidic.
This is called ocean acidification.
More acidic water can be harmful to many ocean creatures, such as certain
shellfish and coral. Warming oceans — from too many greenhouse gases in the
atmosphere — can also be harmful to these organisms. Warmer waters are the
main cause of coral bleaching.
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